Manicuring device



Jan. 18, 1955 L A, HANSEN 2,699,79l

MANICURING DEVICE Filed Oct. 24. 1952 INVENT OR 5575 A.. ffm/55MATTORNEY lmarily water soluble `lfingers of the user causes the dye tocome off, i. e.,

`ing `use of the boards so that United States Patent O MANICURING DEVICELester A. Hansen, Averill Park, N. Y., assignor to Behr- ManningCorporation, Troy, N. Y., a corporation of Massachusetts ApplicationOctober 24, 1952, Serial No. 316,739 7 Claims. (Cl. isz-76.4)

This invention relates to `manicuring devices. lgartiularly, 1t 1sconcerned with new forms of fingernail oar s.

The `so-called fingernail boards are widely used today as manicurmgdevices.

They consist of a thin strip of firm, bendable material, such aslemOnWOod, covered n with a sheet of `abrasive material, generally onboth sides. These boards are usually formed with rounded ends and may befrom l to 7" in length and from 1/s to 1" in width. Both sides of theboard may be covered with the same type of `abrasive sheet, but moregenerally have begun to color the products in various pastel shadeswhich they feel will appeal tothe women buyers.

In the past, the coloring of the fingernail boards has been accomplishedby applying dye to the surface of the finished product or by putting`dye in the top adhesive layer of the abrasive coverings of which theboards are fabricated. Such products have certain deficiencies, e. g.,the dyes with which the` products are colored are priand the moisturepresent on the bleedfa onto the users fingers and to stain them.Furthermore, the appearance of the final products is not as lustrous orpleasant appearing as the products of this invention.

A principal object of the present invention is the provision of new,improved manicuring devices. Fur ther `objects include:

(l) The provision of new `improvements in fingernail boards.

(2) The provision of means by which the identity, quality or nature ofthe abrasive surface of the fingernail boards may be quickly conveyed toa user by means of color. i

(3) The which dye provision -of colored fingernail boards from or `othercoloring matter does not bleed durthey may be used Without staining thefingers or other things even though all the adhesives used in formingthe coated abrasive surface are `water-soluble.

(4) The provision of fingernail boards which have a unique coloredlustre or sparkling appearance which is very pleasing.

Other objects and further scope of applicability of the presentinvention will become apparent from the detailed description givenhereinafter; it should be understood, however, that the detaileddescription and specific examples, while indicating preferredembodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only,since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope ofthe invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from thisdetailed description.

These objects are accomplished according to the presi ent invention bythe Vformation of fingernail boards from firm, bendable, thin strips ofsheet material, preferably thin wood strips, and coated abrasive sheetsadhesively bonded to the thin strips with the grit side outward, thecoated abrasive sheets being made with an adhesive coat containing anappreciable amount More 2,699,791 Patented Jan. 1-8, 1955 hesive coatwhich is substantially clear covering the dyed adhesive coat throughwhich the dyed coat is visible giving an abrasive sheet having apleasing colored lustre.

A more complete .understanding of the invent-ion and details of the newforms of products `made .possible by` it can be had by reference to theaccompanying .drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a plan View of a fingernail board made in accordance withthe present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged cross sectional View taken along the line 2 2 ofFigure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a modified form offingernail board in .accordance with the present invention.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the fingernail board 2 comprises athin, firm, bendable'strip of sheet material `4 and coated abrasivesheets 6.

Preferably the thin strip 4 is made of wood, especially lemonwood orother wood of similar characteristics. However, the thin strip can beformed of` plastic or other material which is flexible and yetsufiiciently firm in thin sections to give the strength to the finalboard required to enable the resulting fingernail board to be forcedagainst the fingernail and to contour the same.

The coated abrasive sheets 6 consist of a backing sheet `8, a makeradhesive coat 10, an adhesive sand size Vcoat 12 and abrasive `grain 14.The technical term for such abrasive sheets is coated abrasive althoughsuch sheets are more popularly referred to as sandpaper even though theabrasive grains of which the sheet is made are not sand The backingsheet S is preferably made of paper, al though other fabrics such aswoven or unwoven cloth, fiber or the like may be used. The backing sheetmay contain various impregnants, modifying agents and `the like as iswell known in the art.

The abrasive grains or grit 14 are held to the backing sheet 8 by asub-surface adhesive layer 10. This rst adhesive layer over the backingis technically referred to as a maker coat. According to the presentinvention, this maker coat contains an appreciable amount of dye givingthe coat a decided colored appearance.

Over the top of the maker coat is another adhesive grain bonding layerwhich is technically called a size coat. According to this invention,the size coat .ll-2 contains no dye. It is preferably compounded so thatit is substantially clear enabling the colored maker coat layer `to beviewed through it.

If there are more than two adhesive layers, the first would be calledthe maker coat and the remaining, the size coats, unless there is morethan one layer of grain. `In such case, the adhesive coats fastening thegrain layers would be the first, second, etc. maker coats as the casemay be, and the remaining coats, the size coats. The coated abrasivesheets with which this invention is concerned always have at least onesize coat.

If desired, the presize usually employed in coated abrasives, i. e., thesealing layer applied before the maker coat, may be colored with dyes orpigments. The use of a different color in the presize from that used inthe maker coat can give unusual, pleasant color effects to the finalproduct.

The success of the extent to the discovery that the dye in the makercoat will not bleed onto the fingers of a user even though the size coat12 is made of water soluble adhesive which is readily softened bymoisture on the hands of the user. Furthermore, it was discovered uponfabrication of finger boards of the type herein described, that when thedye is incorporated in the maker coat, as contrasted to inclusion in thesize coat, the resulting product acquires a unique, sparkling appearanceor lustre, although it would be expected that by covering the dyed layerwith another adhesive coat, a dulling effect would result. This may bedue to a lens effect created by the small grains of abrasive which areslightly embedded in the maker coat 10 augmented by the plain backgroundof the size coat.

The non-bleeding qualities of the new fingernail boards can bestrikingly demonstrated by a simple test which easily distinguishesthese new products from prior present invention is due to a large knowncolored fingernail boards made with water soluble adhesive materials.The test is referred to as the blot test and is carried out paper,saturating it with water and pressing it firmly for about 2 secondsagainst the surface of the fingernail board. The fingernail boards madein accordance with the present invention leave the blotting paper whiteand unstained. On the other hand, fingernail boards of the prior art, i.e., with dye in a water-soluble size coat, stain the wet blotting paperthe color of the fingernail board. It is also possible to distinguishthe products of this invention from the fingernail boards having dye inthe top or sand size coat by microscopic inspection of a surface, orpreferably, a cross-section of the products.

The maker and size coat may be of the same composition or one form ofadhesive may be used for the maker coat and a distinct other type ofadhesive may be used for the size coat. Water soluble type of adhesivessuch as glues, e. g., bone, hide, casein, soya-bean, etc., gums, e. g.,British gum, dextrine gum, arabin type gums, etc.; star/ches, e. g.,solubilized, the type of U. S. 2,609,284, etc.; or mixtures of thesewith other protein or carbohydrate materials are preferred as theadhesive component. However, other materials, such as synthetic plasticadhesive materials, may be used. Fillers, pigments or the like may beincorporated in the sub-surface adhesive coat or coats, but the surfacecoat is preferably left unpigmented and unfilled so that it issubstantially clear and is as colorless as the glue or other adhesivecontent will permit.

The abrasive grain 14 may be of any form known to the art. In mostcases, a fine grit of flint is used on one surface to give an abrasivecoating which may be used to finish the nails or for slow cutting.Generally, the other side of the board is coated with abrasive garnetpaper of the same or other grit size which gives a more severe abradingaction and enables a greater amount of the nail to be cut away in lesstime than the finer fiint size. However, if desired other types of grainsuch as aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, powdered glass or the like canbe used.

A modified form of fingernail board according to this invention is shownin Figure 3. The board consists of thin wood strip 22 coated on onesurface only with the coated abrasive sheet 24 while the other surfaceis covered with plastic material or lacquer 26. The plastic coating 26may, for example, contain printed matter, photographs, embossing, orother ornamentation.

Coated abrasive sheet 24 consists of a backing sheet 28, one maker coat30, a first size coat 32, a second size coat 34 and a single layer ofabrasive grain 36. The maker coat 30 may be dyed or left uncolored asdesired. On the other hand, the size coat 32 contains appreciable dye,whereas the size coat 34 is left undyed and substantially clear so thatthe colored layer 32 is visible through it giving the abrasive side ofthe board 20 a colored, lustrous appearance.

The following illustrative examples of actual operations in makingfingernail boards in accordance with the present invention give furtherdetails of these new products and their formation. In the examples, allparts are by weight and reference to glue means hide glue unlessotherwise specified.

EXAMPLE l This example illustrates the formation of a fingernail boardsuch as shown in Figure 2 coated on one surface with abrasive, redcolored, fiint paper and on the other vsurface with abrasive garnetpaper also colored red.

Production of the garnet paper A making adhesive which consists of15.6%-62 millipoise glue, 7.6% Douglas gum #5408 (a starch-dextrine gumobtained from Penick & Ford Ltd., New York 17, N. Y.), 24.6% CaCo3filler, 36.2% water and 16.0% of a 6.3% dye solution (1.008% dye solidsbased on the total solids) is placed in the adhesive-heating apparatusof a sandpaper machine and brought to a temperature of about 180 F. toinsure uniform distribution of the gum and then allowed to cool to 130F. for application.

Dyes that have been found particularly suitable for use in the inventionare colors which were typed an classified as Food, Drug and Cosmeticcolors. The dye used in this example was of that class and designated asF. D. & C. Red No. 3.

The calcium carbonate filler used is of special size as disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,322,156.

by taking a piece of white blotting and mounted on a sandpaper Theadhesive is applied to a backing of 40 lb. Duracel paper at atemperature of approximately F. after which #2/0 fines garnet abrasivegrain is applied to the making coat of adhesive on the backing byconventional gravity feed means. In another case, a conventionalelectrostatic coating method was used with good success for applying theabrasive grain. y

The web coated with the making coat of adhesive and the abrasive grainsis 'then moved into a conventional sandpaper drying room and heated atabout 100 F. for 11/2 hours to dry the binder.

After the binder has been so dried, the abrasively coated web is movedthrough a conventional sandpaper sizing machine where the sizing coat ofadhesive is added. In this example the sizing coat consists of a 26%aqueous solution of 62 millipoise glue. The size is applied by aconventional roller-coating apparatus at a temperature of about 160 F.

The amount of the size added is controlled partly by weight but, to agreater extent, by visual judgment. Dryable contents of a sizingsolution of about 2.5 lbs. per sandpaper ream are usually satisfactory.After this sizing operation the web is again passed to a conventionalsandpaper drying room and heated to dry the glue. After drying, thecolored coated abrasive material is batched in some suitable mannerprior to the assembly of the colored nailboard.

Production of the fint paper The coated abrasive material in'which grit#2/0 flint grain is used, employs a 62 lb. kraft paper backing and Acomposite sheet for the colored nailboards is made by adhesivelyattaching the colored garnet and flint papers as made above to a backingof lemonwood by the use of an adhesive such as glue. The compositecolored nailboard is formed by placing the sandwich coated abrasivelayers together, with the lemonwood core at the center and the abradingsurfaces on either side of the core, Vback t0 back with the abradingsurfaces facing outward.

This operation is accomplished on a conveyor type belt in which one sideof a lemonwood core is coated with a glue adhesive and the coloredgarnet paper placed grit side out firmly against the adhesive surface.The lemonwood core is turned over on its uncoated side, another layer ofadhesive is applied to the core and a layer of the fiint paper grit sideout placed firmly against the adhesive surface.

The resulting laminated sheet is then die-cut into fingernail boards ofthe shape shown in Figure l. They possess a sparkling, lustrous, redcolor on Vboth sides with the garnet paper side being slightly differentin appearance from the fiint paper side. Itis found that when the boardsare used for manicuring of fingernails no bleeding of the dye from theboard takes place. This is in contrast to experience with fingerboardsmade with dye in a glue-sand` size coat from which dye readily bleeds inuse.

EXAMPLE 2 This example illustrates manufacture of colored abrasive sheetmaterial composed of colored presize and maker adhesives and atransparent size coat which may be used in forming colored fingernailboards by the process described in Example 1.

As a backing for grit 2/0 flint abrasive grain,V 62 lb. kraft paper isused. The presize consists of 17%-62 millipoise glue, 0.55% F. D. & C.Red #3 Dye, 0.33% F. D. & C. Blue #l dye and 82.12% water. The solutionis placed in the adhesive-containing apparatus of a sandpaperadhesive-applying machine and heated to a temperature of about F. Atthis temperature the adhesive is applied to the front or coat side ofthe paper web by the adhesive applying calendar rolls of the machine inthe amount to yield about 0.2 lb. per sandpaper ream of dryablecontents. The amount of presize is controlled by the depth and roundnessof color desired in the final product, but is also governed to a greaterextent by weight, since a minimum amount of about 0.2 lb. per sandpaperream of dryable material is necessary to give a satisfactory level shadein the finished product.

After the presizing operation, the web is air dried in festoon form. Thepaper is then removed from the racks making machine. `An adhesive forthe making coat of adhesive is prepared by mixing 15.6 parts of 62millipoise glue, 7.6 parts of Douglas gum #5408, 24.6 parts of specialsized CaCos filler, 52.1 parts water, 0.07 parts F. D. d: C. Red #3 dye,and 0.045 parts of F. D. & C. Blue #l dye. This mixture is thoroughlystirred at 180 F. to insure uniform distribution of the dye and gum inthe adhesive solution. The adhesive so prepared is placed in theadhesive-containing means of a sandpaper making machine and applied at atemperature of about 140 F. The web of presized paper is passed throughthe machine and a making coat of the adhesive to the extent of about 2.4lbs. per sandpaper ream of the adhesive solution is coated thereon bymeans of the calendar rolls of the machine. The web then continues itspassage through a grain-applying means where an abrasive coating of 6.2lbs. per sandpaper ream of grit No. 2/0 ilint grain is attached to theadhesive coating.

The web with the grain attached is then hung in festoon form and driedat room temperature and humidity.

After the making coat is dried, the web is passed through a sandpapersizing machine where a sizing coat of adhesive is applied in the usualway at a temperature of about 150 F. The sizing adhesive is prepared bymixing 17.5 parts 62 millipoise glue, 8.5 parts Douglas gum #5408 with74 parts of water. After the sizing operation, in which about 9.6 lbs.per sandpaper ream of the solution are applied over the grains, the webis passed into a conventional sandpaper drying room to satisfactorilyset the adhesives. A satisfactory drying cycle for the sized product isabout 11/2 hours at about 150 F. and 50% relative humidity, althoughadjustments are made in this drying cycle as required according to thevariations in the raw materials and conditions of operations as is knownby those skilled in the art.

The resulting product is a violent pastel colored abrasive flint paperhaving a pleasing sparkling, lustrous appearance.

EXAMPLE 3 This example illustrates making of a colored nailboard inwhich the core consists of a exible but tirm plastic material such ascellulose acetate, and the exterior abrasive surfaces comprise coloredabrasive sheets which are composed of a colored glue maker adhesive anda transparent glue size coat.

As a backing for the grit 2/0 garnet abrasive grain, 40 1b. Duracelpaper is used. The adhesive for the making coat is prepared by adding 3parts of 6.3% solution (.189 parts solids) Green D. & C. dye #7 to 100parts of 38% 86 millipoise glue. This colored adhesive is placed in theadhesive-container of a sandpaper making machine and brought to atemperature of about 130 F. The web of paper is passed through themachine and a making coat of adhesive to the extent of about 2.2 lbs.per sandpaper ream of the adhesive solution is coated thereon by meansof The web then continues its passage through a grain-applying meanswhere an abrasive coating of 5.9 lbs. per sandpaper ream of grit 2/0garnet grain is attached to the adhesive coating.

The web with the grain attached is then hung in festoon form and driedat 100 F. and 35 per cent relative humidity.

After the making coat is dried, the web is passed through a sandpapersizing machine where a sizing coat of adhesive which consists of a 26%aqueous solution of 86 millipoise glue is applied in the usual Way at atemperature of 100 F. After the sizing operation in which the calendarrolls or" the machine. 1

6 about 9.0 lbs. per sandpaper ream of the solution are applied over thegrains, the web is again passed into a conventional sandpaper dryingroom to set the adhesive. A satisfactory drying cycle is l hr. at F. Thedried material is then roled up and held until the nailboard isassembled.

Assembly of the nailboard is accomplished by use of a die-out on theabrasive material, which cuts it to the suitable size and shape. Thesedie-out portions are then adhesively attached to nailboard core of sheetcellulose acetate giving a flexible, laminated product.

i claim:

1. A manicuring device comprising a. iirm bendable thin strip of sheetmaterial and a coated abrasive sheet adhesively bonded with the gritside outward to at least one surface of said strip, said abrasive sheetcomprising a backing web which is adhesively bonded to said bendablethin strip, an adhesive coat containing an appreciable amount of dyeoverlying said backing web and an undyed top-surface adhesive coatcovering said dye containing coat, the dye containing coat being visiblethrough said top coat giving said sheet a colored lustre.

2. A manicuring device comprising a sandwich of a thin strip of woodbetween two sheets of sandpaper, said sandpaper having abrasive grainbonded to the paper backing by a maker coat containing :an appreciableamount of a watersoluble dye overlaid by a substantially clear size coatthrough which the dye in the maker coat is visible giving the sheet acolored lustre.

3. A fingernail board comprising a sandwich of a thin strip of woodbetween two sheets of sandpaper, the sandpaper comprising a watersoluble dye in a watersoluble maker coat and a substantially clear,undyed size coat comprising a water-soluble adhesive through which themaker coat dye is visible giving a sheet having colored lustre.

4. Products of the class described having at least one sub-surfaceadhesive layer bonding abrasive grit to a backing sheet comprising anappreciable amount of dye and a top adhesive layer which issubstantially clear through which said dyed layer is visible giving alustrous, colored appearance to the surface of the product.

5. Fingernail boards comprising sandpaper sheets having a sub-surfaceadhesive layer containing an appreciable amount of Water-soluble dyebonding grit to a paper backing and a substantially clear, undyedadhesive layer, covering said sub-surface layer, said dye being visiblethrough said top layer giving the boards :a lustrous co1- oredappearance.

6. Colored fingernail boards from which the dye does not bleed duringuse comprising sandpaper sheets having a sub-surface grit bondingadhesive layer containing glue and a water-soluble dye and a top,Water-soluble, clear, undyed adhesive layer covering said sub-surfacelayer, said dyed sub-surface layer being visible through said top layergiving the board a lustrous colored appearance.

7. Colored, lustrous appearing, fingernail boards comprising sandpapersurfaces, said sandpaper having a dyed adhesive maker coat and undyedsize coat through which the dye of said maker coat is visible.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,183,930 Brekke Dec. 19, 1939 2,375,814 Oglesby May 15, 1945 2,633,139Pettey Mar. 31, 1953

